Article
  • Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose-Hybrid Polystyrene Nanoparticles by Using Reactive Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Phthalate
  • Cheong IW
  • 반응형 히드록시프로필 메틸셀룰로오스 프탈레이트를 이용한 셀룰로오스 혼성 폴리스티렌 나노입자의 합성 및 특성 분석
  • 정인우
Abstract
Reactive hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (reactive HPMCP) was synthesized by using a stepwise urethane reaction with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). Molecular weight, acid number, and critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the synthesized reactive HPMCP and pristine HPMCP were measured and used as a polymeric surfactant in the emulsion polymerizations of styrene. In the preparation of HPMCP-hybrid polystyrene nanoparticles, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 wt% of HPMCPs were introduced, and the maximum rate of polymerization (Rp,max), the average number of radicals per particle , particle size distribution were investigated. In addition, core-shell morphology of the nanoparticles were observed by using TEM and their thermal stabilities were measured by using TGA. Reactive HPMCP showed higher Rp,max, smaller particle size, larger values of and gel contents as compared with pristine HPMCP, due to the vinyl groups from HEMA, which can be reacted with styrene oligomers, in the reactive HPMCP.

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate(HPMCP)에 isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI)와 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA)를 순차적으로 반응하여 우레탄 그룹을 형성하고 HPMCP에 비닐 그룹을 도입하여 반응형(reactive) HPMCP를 합성하였다. 제조된 반응형의 HPMCP와 반응전의 순수한 HPMCP의 분자량, 산가, 임계 미셀 농도(CMC) 등을 측정하였으며, 스티렌의 유화 중합에 고분자 유화제로서 도입하였다. HPMCP의 함량을 단량체인 스티렌 대비로 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 wt%로 도입하여 HPMCP 혼성 폴리스티렌 나노입자를 제조하고, 최대 중합 속도(Rp,max), 입자당 평균라디칼 개수 , 입자 크기 분포 등을 분석하였다. 또한 제조된 HPMCP 혼성 폴리스티렌 나노입자의 모폴로지를 TEM으로 분석하여 core-shell 구조임을 확인하였으며, TGA를 이용하여 열적 안정성의 변화를 분석하였다. 반응형 HPMCP는 순수 HPMCP와는 달리 HEMA의 비닐 그룹으로 인해 높은 중합 속도와 작은 입자 크기, 높은 값을 나타내었으며, 높은 젤 함량을 나타내었다.

Keywords: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate; cellulose; nanoparticles; polymeric surfactants

References
  • 1. Geurts JM, Lammers M, German AL, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 108, 295 (1996)
  •  
  • 2. Monteiro MJ, Sjoberg M, van der Vlist J, Gottgens CM, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 38(23), 4206 (2000)
  •  
  • 3. Soula O, Guyot A, Williams N, Grade J, Blease T, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 37(22), 4205 (1999)
  •  
  • 4. Wilkinson TS, Boonstra A, Montoya-Goni A, van Es S, Monteiro MJ, German AL, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 237(1), 21 (2001)
  •  
  • 5. Ivanchev SS, Pavljuchenko VN, Byrdina NA, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 25, 47 (1987)
  •  
  • 6. Kusters JMH, Napper DH, Gilbert RG, German AL, Macromolecules, 25, 7043 (1992)
  •  
  • 7. Tauer K, Goebel KH, Kosmella S, Makromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp., 31, 107 (1990)
  •  
  • 8. Abele S, Gauthier C, Graillat C, Guyot A, Polymer, 41(3), 1147 (2000)
  •  
  • 9. Amalvy JI, Unzue MJ, Schoonbrood HAS, Asua JM, Macromolecules, 31(17), 5631 (1998)
  •  
  • 10. Chambon P, Radhakrishnan B, Cloutet E, Papon E, Cramail H, Macromol. Symp., 199, 47 (2003)
  •  
  • 11. Dreja M, Pyckhout-Hintzen W, Tieke B, Macromolecules, 31(2), 272 (1998)
  •  
  • 12. Vidal F, Guyot A, Gilbert RG, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 197, 1835 (1996)
  •  
  • 13. Vidal F, Guillot J, Guyot A, Colloid Polym. Sci., 273, 999 (1995)
  •  
  • 14. Schipper ETWM, Sindt O, Hamaide T, Desmazes PL, Muller B, Guyot A, Vandenenden MJWA, Vidal F, Vanes JJGS, German AL, Goni AM, Sherrington DC, Schoonbrood HAS, Asua JM, Sjoberg M, Colloid Polym. Sci., 276, 402 (1998)
  •  
  • 15. Wang XR, Boya B, Sudol ED, El-Aasser MS, Macromolecules, 34(26), 8907 (2001)
  •  
  • 16. Mura JL, Riess G, Polym. Adv. Technol., 6, 497 (1995)
  •  
  • 17. Luo YW, Tsavalas J, Schork FJ, Macromolecules, 34(16), 5501 (2001)
  •  
  • 18. Li S, Clarke CJ, Lennox RB, Eisenberg A, Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 133, 191 (1998)
  •  
  • 19. Cheong IW, Nomura M, Kim JH, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 202, 2454 (2001)
  •  
  • 20. Yamada B, Azukizawa M, Yamazoe H, Hill DJT, Pomery PJ, Polymer, 41(15), 5611 (2000)
  •  
  • 21. Peck ANF, Hutchinson RA, Grady MCAbstracts of Papers, 224th ACS Nat'l Meeting, Boston, MA, Aug., 18-22 (2002)
  •  
  • 22. Britton DJ, Lovell PA, Heatley F, Venkatesh R, Macromol. Symp., 175, 95 (2001)
  •  
  • 23. Heatley F, Lovell PA, Yamashita T, Macromolecules, 34(22), 7636 (2001)
  •  
  • 24. Kim IH, Park JH, Cheong IW, Kim JH, J. Control. Release, 89, 225 (2003)
  •  
  • 25. Cheong IW, Kong HC, An JH, Kim JH, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Chem., 42(17), 4353 (2004)
  •  
  • 26. Cheong IW, Kim JH, Chem. Commun., 2484 (2004)
  •  
  • 27. Hourston DJ, Romaine J, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 43, 2207 (1991)
  •  
  • 28. Cheong IW, Nomura M, Kim JH, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 201, 2221 (2000)
  •  
  • 29. Wang X, Sudol ED, El-Aasser MS, Langmuir, 17(22), 6865 (2001)
  •  
  • 30. Kitzmiller EL, Miller CM, Sudol ED, El-Aasser MS, Macromol. Symp., 92, 157 (1995)
  •  
  • 31. Wang X, Sudol ED, El-Aasser MS, Macromolecules, 34(22), 7715 (2001)
  •  
  • 32. Buback M, Kurz CH, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 199, 2301 (1998)
  •  
  • 33. Adams M, Napper DH, Gilbert RG, Sangster DF, J. Chem. Soc.-Faraday Trans., 82, 1979 (1986)
  •  
  • 34. Grady MC, DECHEMA Mongr., 134, 313 (1998)
  •  
  • 35. Ugelstad J, El-Aasser MS, Vanderhoff JW, J. Polym. Sci. A: Polym. Lett. Ed., 11, 503 (1973)
  •  
  • 36. Ugelstad J, Mark PC, Dahl P, Rangenes P, J. Polym. Sci. C, 27, 49 (1969)
  •  
  • Polymer(Korea) 폴리머
  • Frequency : Bimonthly(odd)
    ISSN 0379-153X(Print)
    ISSN 2234-8077(Online)
    Abbr. Polym. Korea
  • 2023 Impact Factor : 0.4
  • Indexed in SCIE

This Article

  • 2006; 30(5): 437-444

    Published online Sep 25, 2006

  • Received on Jul 11, 2006
  • Accepted on Aug 30, 2006