Article
  • Influence of Filler Loading on Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Eggshell Powder Biocomposite

  • Nur Fazreen Alias and Hanafi Ismail†

  • School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

  • 충전재 하중이 폴리비닐알코올 및 에그쉘분말 바이오복합체의 특성에 미치는 영향

  • Reproduction, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form of any part of this publication is permitted only by written permission from the Polymer Society of Korea.

References
  • 1. Spagnol, C.; Fragal, E. H.; Witt, M. A.; Follmann, H. D. M.; Silva, R.; Rubra, A. F. Mechanically Improved Polyvinyl Alcohol- Composite Films Using Modified Cellulose Nanofillers as Nano-reinfeorcement. Carbohyd. Polym. 2018, 191, 25-34.
  •  
  • 2. Jain, N.; Singh, V. K.; Chauhan, S. A Review on Mechanical and Water Absorption Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Based Composites/ Films. J. Mech. Behav. Mater. 2017, 26, 213-222.
  •  
  • 3. Hajeeassa, K. S.; Hussien, M. A.; Anwar, Y.; Tashkandi, N. Y.; Al-amshany, Z. M. Nanocomposites Containing Polyvinyl Alcohol and Reinforced Carbon-based Nanofiller: A Super Effective Biologically Active Material. Nanobiomedicine 2018, 5, 1-12.
  •  
  • 4. Tan, B. K.; Ching, Y. C.; Poh, S. C.; Abdullah, L. C.; Gan, S. N. A Review of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol Based Composites: Application and Opportunity. Polymers 2015, 7, 2205-2222.
  •  
  • 5. Chanda, M.; Ray, S. K. Industries Polymers, Specialty Polymer and Their Application; CRC Press Technology & Engineering: Florida, USA, 2008.
  •  
  • 6. Jelinska, N.; Kalnins, M.; Tupureina, V.; Dzene, A. Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(vinyl acetate) Blend Films. Mater. Sci. Appl. Chem. 2010, 21, 55-61.
  •  
  • 7. Ismail, H.; Zaaba, N. F. The Mechanical Properties, Water Resistance and Degradation Behaviour of Silica-Filled Sago Starch/ PVA Plastic Films. J. Elastom. Plast. 2014, 46, 96-109.
  •  
  • 8. Zhong, O. X.; Ismail, H.; Abdul Aziz, N. A.; Abu Bakar, A. Preparation and Properties of Biodegradable Polymer Film Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol and Tropical Fruit Waste Flour. Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2011, 50, 705-711.
  •  
  • 9. Mottet, A.; Tempio, G. Global Poultry Production: Current State and Future Outlook and Challenges. Worlds Poult. Sci. J. 2017, 17, 1-12.
  •  
  • 10. Laca, A.; Adriana, L.; Mario, D.Eggshell waste as catalyst: A Review. J. Environ. Manage. 2017, 197, 351-359.
  •  
  • 11. Hayeemasae, N.; Song, L. W.; Ismail, H. Sustainable Use of Eggshell Powder in the Composite Based on Recycled Polystyrene and Virgin Polystyrene Mixture. Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. 2019, 24, 266-275.
  •  
  • 12. Abdel-Rahim, R. H.; Mohamed, R. A. Experimental Investigation of Some Properties of Epoxy Reinforced by Eggshell Particles. IJMET 2019, 10, 152-163.
  •  
  • 13. Sa, M. L.; Carvalho, E. M.; Calvacante, J.; Araque, L. M.; Sabrinho, J. F. R.; Barbosa, R.; Alves, T. A. Biodegradation of Poly(3-hydroxybutayrate)/Eggshell Systems. Mater. Res. 2018, 21, 1-10.
  •  
  • 14. Hassan, T. A.; Rangari, V. K.; Jelani, S. Value-Added Biopolymer Nanocomposites from Waste Eggshell-Based CaCO3 Nanoparticles as Fillers. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 2014, 2, 706-717.
  •  
  • 15. Oliveira, D. A.; Benelli, P.; Amante, E. R. A Literature Review on Adding Value to Solid Residues: Egg Shells. J. Clean. Prod. 2013, 46, 42-47.
  •  
  • 16. Ajala, E. O.; Eletta, O. A. A.; Ajala, M. A. M.; Oyeniyi, S. K. Characterization and Evaluation of Chicken Eggshell for Use as Bio-Resource. AZOJETE 2018, 14, 26-40.
  •  
  • 17. Bootklad, M.; Kaewtatip, K. Biodegradation of Thermoplastic Starch/eggshell Powder Composites. Carbohyd. Polym. 2013, 97, 315-320.
  •  
  • 18. Hassan, S. B.; Aigbodion, V. S.; Patrick, S. N. Development of Polyester/Eggshell Particulate Composites. Tribol. Ind. 2012, 34, 217-225.
  •  
  • 19. Sutapun, W.; Pakdeechote, P.; Suppakarn, N.; Ruksakulpiwat, Y. Application of Calcined Eggshell Powder as Functional Filler for High Density Polyethylene. Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. 2013, 52, 1025-1033.
  •  
  • 20. Murugan, S.; Munusamy, Y.; Ismail, H. Effects of Chicken Eggshell Filler Size on the Processing, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of PVC Matrix Composite. Plast. Rubber Compos. 2017, 46, 42-51.
  •  
  • 21. Gontard, N.; Guilbert, S. Biopackaging: Technology and Properties of Edible and/or Biodegradable Material of Agricultural Origin. Mathouthi, M., Ed.; Blackie Academic and Professional: London, England, 1994.
  •  
  • 22. Intharapat, P.; Kongnoo, A.; Kateungngan, K. The Potential of Chicken Eggshell Waste as a Bio-filler Filled Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR) Composite and its Properties. J. Polym. Environ. 2013, 21, 245-258.
  •  
  • 23. Sherman, D.; Brandon, D. Mechanical Properties of Hard Materials and Their Relation to Microstructure. Adv. Eng. Mater. 1999, 1, 161-181.
  •  
  • 24. Morreale, M.; Scaffaro, R.; Maio, A.; La Mantia, F. P. Effect of Adding Wood Flour to The Physical Properties of Biodegradable Polymer. Composites: Part A 2008, 39, 503-513.
  •  
  • 25. Zhou, Y.; White, E.; Jeelani, S. Effect of Particle Size on Mechanical Properties of Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites. NSTI-Nanotech 2017, 1, 316-319.
  •  
  • 26. Jacob, M.; Thomas, S.; Varughese, K. T. Mechanical Properties of Sisal Oil Palm Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Natural Rubber Composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2014, 64, 955-965.
  •  
  • 27. Greenfeld, I.; Wagner, H. D. Nanocomposites Toughness, Strength and Stiffness: Role of Filler Geometry. Nanocomposites 2015, 1, 3-17.
  •  
  • 28. Cai, L.; Dou, Q. Effect of Filler Treatment on the Crystallization, Mechanical Properties, Morphologies and Heat Resistance of Polypropylene/Phlogopite Composite. Polymer Composites 2018, 40, E795-E810.
  •  
  • 29. Toh, W. Y.; Lai, J. C.; Wan Aizan, W. A. R. Influence of Compounding Methods on Poly(Vinyl) Alcohol/Sago Pith Waste Biocomposites: Mechanical and Water Absorption Properties. Sains Malaysiana 2011, 40, 719-724.
  •  
  • 30. Gontard, N.; Guilbert S.; Cuq, J. L. Water and Glycerol as Plasticizers Affect Mechanical and Water Vapour Barrier Properties of An Edible Wheat Gluten Film. J. Food Sci. 1993, 58, 206-211.
  •  
  • 31. Sakai, K.; Hamada, N.; Watanabe, Y. ß-diketone Hydrolase from Pseudomonas sp. Agric. Biol. Chem. 1986, 50, 989-996.
  •  
  • Polymer(Korea) 폴리머
  • Frequency : Bimonthly(odd)
    ISSN 0379-153X(Print)
    ISSN 2234-8077(Online)
    Abbr. Polym. Korea
  • 2023 Impact Factor : 0.4
  • Indexed in SCIE

This Article

  • 2021; 45(2): 191-199

    Published online Mar 25, 2021

  • 10.7317/pk.2021.45.2.191
  • Received on Sep 7, 2020
  • Revised on Oct 27, 2020
  • Accepted on Oct 31, 2020

Correspondence to

  • Hanafi Ismail

  • School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

  • E-mail: ihanafi@usm.my